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Mandarin Toneless

Mandarin All Tones

Baxter Pulleyblank Karlgren

Mandarin

Cantonese

MCB

OCB

jiāo

gaau1

kæw

[kwr]aw

jiāo

jiǎo

gaau2

gaau2

hæwX

kæw

kæwX

hæwX

kæw

kæwX

[gwr]awʔ

[kwr]aw

[kwr]awʔ

[gwr]awʔ

[kwr]aw

[kwr]awʔ

jiāo

jiào

ziu1

ziu1

dzjew

tsjew

tsjewH

dzjew

tsjew

tsjewH

[dzwj]ew

[tswj]ew

[tswj]ews

[dzwj]ew

[tswj]ew

[tswj]ews

jiāo

ngaau5

kæw

æw

[kwr]aw

[wr]aw

jiāo

haau1

kæw

xæw

[r]u

[r]u

jiāo

jiào

ziu6

ziu6

dzjewH

tsjew

dzjewH

tsjew

[dzwj]ews

[tswj]ew

[dzwj]ews

[tswj]ew

jiāo

jiǎo

gaau2

haau4

gaau2

haau4

hæw

kæwX

hæw

kæwX

[gwr]aw

[kwr]awʔ

[gwr]aw

[kwr]awʔ

jiāo

giu1

gjew

kjew

kjiewX

jiāo

jiāo

ciu4

ziu1

dzjew

jiāo

jiǎo

jiào

giu2

giu3

jiu1

giu2

giu3

jiu1

giu2

giu3

jiu1

kew

kewH

kew

kewH

kew

kewH

[kw]ew

[kw]ews

[kw]ew

[kw]ews

[kw]ew

[kw]ews

jiāo

giu1

khjew

kjew

[khw(r)j]aw

[kw(r)j]aw

jiāo

jiǎo

kew

kew

jiāo

jiào

gaau3

gaau3

[w]aw

[w]aw

jiāo

jiào

gaau1

gaau3

gaau1

gaau3

kæw

kæwH

kæw

kæwH

[kwr]aw

[kwr]aws

[kwr]aw

[kwr]aws

jiāo

ziu1

tsjew

[stj]uk

jiāo

giu1

hiu1

kew

ngewH

[ngw]ews

[w]ew

jiāo

jiào

gik1

gik1

kek

kewH

kek

kewH

[kw]ewk

[kw]ews

[kw]ewk

[kw]ews

jiāo

ziu1

tsjew

[tswj]ew

jiāo

jiāo

ciu4

ziu1

tsjak

tsjew

[tswj]awk

[tswj]ew

jiāo

jiǎo

giu2

kiu2

giu2

kiu2

kjiewX

kjiewX

[kwj]ewʔ

[kwj]ewʔ

jiāo

ziu1

jiāo

kjew

jiāo

kjew

jiāo

jiǎo

gaau1

gaau1

hæw

hæw

jiāo

jiǎo

gaau1

gaau1

khæw

kæw

kæwH

khæw

kæw

kæwH

[r]u

[r]u

[r]us

[r]u

[r]u

[r]us

jiāo

ziu1

tsjew

jiāo

kau4

gjuw

gwij

[gwj]ɨ

[kwrj]ɨ

jiāo

kæw

jiāo

gaau1

kæw

[kwr]aw

jiāo

tsjew

jiāo

suk6

syuwk

[t(r)j]uk

jiāo

ziu1

tsjew

[tswj]ew

jiāo

kiu4

gjew

kjew

jiāo

gaau1

kæw

[kwr]aw

jiāo

kew

jiāo

ziu1

tsjew

jiāo

hæwH

kæw

xæwH

jiāo

gaau1

khæw

jiāo

gaau1

kæw

jiāo

gaau1

kæw

[kwr]aw

jiāo

ziu1

dzjew

tsjew

jiāo

giu1

kjew

[kw(r)j]aw

jiāo

jiǎo

gaau1

gaau1

kæw

kæw

[kwr]aw

[kwr]aw

jiāo

gaau1

kæw

jiāo

ziu1

tsjew

[tswj]ew

jiāo

giu1

kiu1

gjew

kjew

[gw(r)j]aw

[kw(r)j]aw

jiāo

ngaau5

ngæwX

jiáo

jiào

ziu6

zoek3

zoek6

ziu6

zoek3

zoek6

dzjak

dzjak

jiǎo

niu1

ziu2

tsewX

jiǎo

laau4

laau5

ljuw

jiǎo

gaau2

kjiw

kjuw

kæwX

jiǎo

caau4

gau2

naau2

xjuwX

jiǎo

gau2

kewX

jiǎo

gau2

gei3

gei6

hau6

hæwX

kæwX

jiǎo

gaau1

gau2

kewX

jiǎo

jiào

faan4

hiu1

kiu4

ziu4

faan4

hiu1

kiu4

ziu4

kjiewX

kjiewX

jiǎo

ziu2

ziu4

jew

jiǎo

giu2

jiǎo

siu1

sjew

jiǎo

giu1

giu2

hiu1

jiu4

ngew

[ngw]ew

jiǎo

giu1

giu2

hiu1

kewX

jiǎo

caau1

ziu2

jiǎo

tsewX

jiǎo

caau1

cau2

ziu1

ziu2

dzræw

tsjewX

[tswj]ewʔ

[wr]aw

jiǎo

kemX

kjiewX

kok

jiǎo

caau3

ziu6

lew

tsræw

jiǎo

giu2

giu6

kjew

kjiewX

[kw(r)j]aw

[kwj]ewʔ

jiǎo

gaau2

kæwX

[kr]uʔ

jiǎo

jiào

jak

kek

jak

kek

[kw]ewk

[wj]awk

[kw]ewk

[wj]awk

jiǎo

kjiewX

jiǎo

giu2

[w]aw

jiǎo

haau6

hæwH

[gr]uks

jiǎo

kewX

[kw]ewʔ

jiǎo

jiào

gaau3

haau6

gaau3

haau6

hæwH

kæwH

hæwH

kæwH

[gwr]aws

[kwr]aws

[gwr]aws

[kwr]aws

jiǎo

caau4

ziu2

dzræw

jiǎo

zau1

ziu2

dzjuw

dzjuwX

tsewX

tshjuw

[dzj]u

[dzj]uʔ

[tshj]u

[tsw]iwʔ

jiǎo

caau4

tsjewX

jiǎo

kawH

kæwX

[kw]aws

[kwr]awʔ

jiǎo

cau1

ciu2

jiǎo

gaau2

kæwX

[kwr]awʔ

jiǎo

kewX

jiǎo

gaau2

kewX

[kw]ewʔ

jiǎo

kiu5

miu5

hewX

phæk

jiǎo

giu2

kewX

[kw]ewʔ

jiǎo

gaau2

hæw

kæwX

jiǎo

gau2

[]u

jiǎo

jiào

gaau2

gaau2

kæwX

kæwX

[kwr]awʔ

[kwr]awʔ

jiǎo

jiào

giu2

zoek3

giu2

zoek3

hɛk

kewX

tsyak

hɛk

kewX

tsyak

[]-ʔ

[k]-

[kj]-

[]-ʔ

[k]-

[kj]-

jiǎo

goek3

kjak

[j]ak

jiǎo

goek3

kjak

[khwj]ak

jiǎo

giu2

gjew

kjiewX

jiǎo

gok3

luk6

kæwk

luwk

[k]ok

[kr]ok

jiǎo

giu2

kjiewX

ngjiewH

[kwj]ewʔ

[wj]ews

jiǎo

gaau2

kæw

kæwH

kæwX

jiǎo

jiào

gaau2

gaau2

jiǎo

giu2

kjiewX

jiǎo

tsjewX

[tswj]ewʔ

jiào

caa4

giu6

kiu4

gjew

jiào

giu3

kewH

jiào

tiu4

ziu3

tsjewH

jiào

gjwak

jiào

zyu3

kjuH

jiào

giu3

kewH

[kw]iws

jiào

giu3

jiào

giu3

kewH

[kw]iws

jiào

giu3

kewH

[kw]ews

jiào

giu6

kiu4

gjewH

[gw(r)j]aws

jiào

ngaau1

[w]aw

jiào

gaau3

gau3

gok3

kæwk

jiào

tsjewH

[tswj]ews

jiào

ziu3

zok6

zuk1

dzræwk

[dzwr]awk

jiào

zoek6

dzjak

tsjak

tsjewH

[dzwj]awk

[tswj]awk

[tswj]ewks

jiào

gaau3

kæwH

jiào

ziu3

zoek3

zoek6

dzjak

tsjewH

jiào

gaau3

ljuwH

læw

phæwH

[Cr]u

[Crj]us

[r]us

jiào

gaau3

kæwH

[kr]uks

jiào

gaau3

gok3

kæwH

kæwk

[kr]uk

[kr]uks

jiào

kewH

[kw]iws

jiào

giu2

giu3

kewH

jiào

ziu1

ziu3

dzjewH

jewH

tsjewH

jiào

gaau3

kæwH

kæwk

[kwr]awk

[kwr]aws

jiào

giu2

giu6

gjew

gjewH

jiào

gaau3

haau1

haau3

kæwH

jiào

ziu3

tsjewH

[tswj]ews

jiào

lɛmX

tsrhæmX

jiào

ziu3

tsjewH

[tswj]ewks

Mandarin

EM

Cantonese

LMC

EMC

OCP

jiāo

kjaw

gaau1

kjaaw

karw

[kwr]áw

jiāo

jiǎo

gaau2

gaau2

kjaaw

kjaaw´

xɦjaaw´

kjaaw

kjaaw´

xɦjaaw´

karw

karwˀ

ɣarwˀ

karw

karwˀ

ɣarwˀ

[kwr]áw

[kwr]áwă

[ăkwr]áwă

[kwr]áw

[kwr]áwă

[ăkwr]áwă

jiāo

jiào

ziu1

ziu1

tsiaw

tsiaw`

tsɦiaw

tsiaw

tsiaw`

tsɦiaw

dziaw

tsiaw

tsiawʰ

dziaw

tsiaw

tsiawʰ

[kwj]àw

[kwj]àwʃ

[ăkwj]àw

[kwj]àw

[kwj]àwʃ

[ăkwj]àw

jiāo

kjaw

ngaau5

kjaaw

ʔjaaw

karw

ʔarw

[]áw

[kwr]áw

jiāo

haau1

kjaaw

xjaaw

karw

xarw

[xwr]ə́w

[xwr]ə́w

jiāo

jiào

tsiăw`

tsiăw`

ziu6

ziu6

tsiaw

tsɦiaw`

tsiaw

tsɦiaw`

dziawʰ

tsiaw

dziawʰ

tsiaw

[kwj]àw

[ăkwj]àwʃ

[kwj]àw

[ăkwj]àwʃ

jiāo

jiǎo

kjawˇ

kjawˇ

gaau2

haau4

gaau2

haau4

kjaaw´

xɦjaaw

kjaaw´

xɦjaaw

karwˀ

ɣarw

karwˀ

ɣarw

[kwr]áwă

[ăkwr]áw

[kwr]áwă

[ăkwr]áw

jiāo

kiăw

giu1

kiaw

kjiaw´

kɦiaw

giaw

kiaw

kjiawˀ

jiāo

jiāo

ciu4

ziu1

tsɦiaw

dziaw

jiāo

jiǎo

jiào

giu2

giu3

jiu1

giu2

giu3

jiu1

giu2

giu3

jiu1

kjiaw

kjiaw`

kjiaw

kjiaw`

kjiaw

kjiaw`

kɛw

kɛwʰ

kɛw

kɛwʰ

kɛw

kɛwʰ

[ɣwj]áw

[ɣwj]áwʃ

[ɣwj]áw

[ɣwj]áwʃ

[ɣwj]áw

[ɣwj]áwʃ

jiāo

giu1

kiaw

k‘iaw

kiaw

k‘iaw

[xw]àw

[xw]àw

jiāo

jiǎo

kjiaw

kjiaw

kɛw

kɛw

jiāo

jiào

gaau3

gaau3

[‑w]aw

[‑w]aw

jiāo

jiào

kjaw

kjaw`

kjaw

kjaw`

gaau1

gaau3

gaau1

gaau3

kjaaw

kjaaw`

kjaaw

kjaaw`

karw

karwʰ

karw

karwʰ

[kwr]áw

[kwr]áwʃ

[kwr]áw

[kwr]áwʃ

jiāo

tsiăw

ziu1

tsiaw

tsiaw

[kwj]ǝkw

jiāo

giu1

hiu1

kjiaw

ŋjiaw`

kɛw

ŋɛwʰ

[xwj]áw

[ăxwj]áwʃ

jiāo

jiào

kiˇ

kiˇ

gik1

gik1

kjiajk

kjiaw`

kjiajk

kjiaw`

kɛjk

kɛwʰ

kɛjk

kɛwʰ

[ɣwj]ákw

[ɣwj]áwʃ

[ɣwj]ákw

[ɣwj]áwʃ

jiāo

tsiăw

ziu1

tsiaw

tsiaw

[kwj]àw

jiāo

jiāo

tsiăw

ciu4

ziu1

tsiaw

tsiaăk

tsiaw

tsɨaăk

[kwj]àkw

[kwj]àw

jiāo

jiǎo

kiăwˇ

kiăwˇ

giu2

kiu2

giu2

kiu2

kjiaw´

kjiaw´

kjiawˀ

kjiawˀ

[xwj]àwă

[xwj]àwă

jiāo

ziu1

jiāo

kiaw

kiaw

jiāo

kiaw

kiaw

jiāo

jiǎo

gaau1

gaau1

xɦjaaw

xɦjaaw

ɣarw

ɣarw

jiāo

jiǎo

kjaw

kjaw

gaau1

gaau1

kjaaw

kjaaw`

k‘jaaw

kjaaw

kjaaw`

k‘jaaw

karw

karwʰ

k‘arw

karw

karwʰ

k‘arw

[xwr]ə́w

[xwr]ə́w

[xwr]ə́wʃ

[xwr]ə́w

[xwr]ə́w

[xwr]ə́wʃ

jiāo

tsiăw

ziu1

tsiaw

tsiaw

jiāo

kau4

kɦiw

kɦyj

guw

gwi

[w]ə̀ɣ

[wr]ə̀ɣ

jiāo

kjaaw

karw

jiāo

kjaw

gaau1

kjaaw

karw

[kwr]áw

jiāo

tsiaw

tsiaw

jiāo

ʂyˇ

suk6

ʂiwk

ɕuwk

[]ə́kw

jiāo

tsiăw

ziu1

tsiaw

tsiaw

[kwj]àw

jiāo

k‘iăw´

kiu4

kiaw

kɦiaw

giaw

kiaw

jiāo

kjaw

gaau1

kjaaw

karw

[kwr]áw

jiāo

kjiaw

kɛw

jiāo

ziu1

tsiaw

tsiaw

jiāo

xjaw

kjaaw

xjaaw`

xɦjaaw`

karw

xarwʰ

ɣarwʰ

jiāo

gaau1

k‘jaaw

k‘arw

jiāo

gaau1

kjaaw

karw

jiāo

kjaw

gaau1

kjaaw

karw

[kwr]áw

jiāo

ziu1

tsiaw

tsɦiaw

dziaw

tsiaw

jiāo

kiăw

giu1

kiaw

kiaw

[xw]àw

jiāo

jiǎo

kjaw

kjaw

gaau1

gaau1

kjaaw

kjaaw

karw

karw

[kwr]áw

[kwr]áw

jiāo

gaau1

kjaaw

karw

jiāo

ziu1

tsiaw

tsiaw

[kwj]àw

jiāo

giu1

kiu1

kiaw

kɦiaw

giaw

kiaw

[]àw

[xw]àw

jiāo

jawˇ

ngaau5

ŋjaaw´

ŋarwˀ

jiáo

jiào

ziu6

zoek3

zoek6

ziu6

zoek3

zoek6

tsɦiaăk

tsɦiaăk

dzɨaăk

dzɨaăk

jiǎo

niu1

ziu2

tsiaw´

tsɛwˀ

jiǎo

laau4

laau5

liw

luw

jiǎo

gaau2

kiw

kjaaw´

kjiw

karwˀ

kjiw

kuw

jiǎo

caau4

gau2

naau2

xiw´

xuwˀ

jiǎo

gau2

kjiaw´

kɛwˀ

jiǎo

gau2

gei3

gei6

hau6

kjaaw´

xɦjaaw´

karwˀ

ɣarwˀ

jiǎo

gaau1

gau2

kjiaw´

kɛwˀ

jiǎo

jiào

faan4

hiu1

kiu4

ziu4

faan4

hiu1

kiu4

ziu4

kjiaw´

kjiaw´

kjiawˀ

kjiawˀ

jiǎo

ziu2

ziu4

jiaw

jiaw

jiǎo

giu2

jiǎo

siu1

siaw

siaw

jiǎo

giu1

giu2

hiu1

jiu4

ŋjiaw

ŋɛw

[ăxwj]áw

jiǎo

giu1

giu2

hiu1

kjiaw´

kɛwˀ

jiǎo

caau1

ziu2

jiǎo

tsiaw´

tsɛwˀ

jiǎo

caau1

cau2

ziu1

ziu2

tsiaw´

tʂɦaaw

dʐarw

tsiawˀ

[kwj]àwă

[ăkwrj]áw

jiǎo

kjiam´

kjiaw´

kǝăk

kjiawˀ

kǝk

kɛmˀ

jiǎo

caau3

ziu6

liaw

tʂaaw

lɛw

tʂarw

jiǎo

kiăwˇ

giu2

giu6

kiaw

kjiaw´

kiaw

kjiawˀ

[xw]àw

[xwj]àwă

jiǎo

kjawˇ

gaau2

kjaaw´

karwˀ

[kwr]ə́wă

jiǎo

jiào

jiaăk

kjiajk

jiaăk

kjiajk

jɨaăk

kɛjk

jɨaăk

kɛjk

[ɣwj]àkw

[ɣwj]ákw

[ɣwj]àkw

[ɣwj]ákw

jiǎo

kjiaw´

kjiawˀ

jiǎo

giu2

[‑w]aw

jiǎo

haau6

xɦjaaw`

ɣarwʰ

[ăkwr]ə́kwʃ

jiǎo

kjiaw´

kɛwˀ

[kwj]áwă

jiǎo

jiào

kjaw`

xjaw`

kjaw`

xjaw`

gaau3

haau6

gaau3

haau6

kjaaw`

xɦjaaw`

kjaaw`

xɦjaaw`

karwʰ

ɣarwʰ

karwʰ

ɣarwʰ

[kwr]áwʃ

[ăkwr]áwʃ

[kwr]áwʃ

[ăkwr]áwʃ

jiǎo

caau4

ziu2

tʂɦaaw

dʐarw

jiǎo

tsiw

zau1

ziu2

tsiaw´

tsɦiw

tsɦiw´

ts‘iw

dzuw

dzuwˀ

tsɛwˀ

ts‘uw

[kwj]ə́wă

[k‑kwj]ə̀w

[ăkwj]ə̀w

[ăkwj]ə̀wă

jiǎo

caau4

tsiaw´

tsiawˀ

jiǎo

kaw`

kjaaw´

karwˀ

kawʰ

[kw]áwʃ

[kwr]áwă

jiǎo

cau1

ciu2

jiǎo

kjawˇ

gaau2

kjaaw´

karwˀ

[kwr]áwă

jiǎo

kjiaw´

kɛwˀ

jiǎo

kiăwˇ

gaau2

kjiaw´

kɛwˀ

[kwj]áwă

jiǎo

kiu5

miu5

p‘aajk

xɦjiaw´

p‘ark

ɣɛwˀ

jiǎo

giu2

kjiaw´

kɛwˀ

[ɣwj]áwă

jiǎo

kjawˇ

gaau2

kjaaw´

xɦjaaw

karwˀ

ɣarw

jiǎo

gau2

[‑w]ǝw

jiǎo

jiào

kjawˇ

kjawˇ

gaau2

gaau2

kjaaw´

kjaaw´

karwˀ

karwˀ

[kwr]áwă

[kwr]áwă

jiǎo

jiào

kiăwˇ

tʂiăwˇ

kiăwˇ

tʂiăwˇ

giu2

zoek3

giu2

zoek3

kjiaw´

tʂiaăk

xɦjaajk

kjiaw´

tʂiaăk

xɦjaajk

kɛwˀ

tɕɨaăk

ɣɛrjk

kɛwˀ

tɕɨaăk

ɣɛrjk

[*]-

[*]-

[*]-ă

[*]-

[*]-

[*]-ă

jiǎo

goek3

kiaăk

kɨaăk

[kw]àk

jiǎo

kjawˇ

goek3

kiaăk

kɨaăk

[kw]àk

jiǎo

giu2

kjiaw´

kɦiaw

giaw

kjiawˀ

jiǎo

kjawˇ

gok3

luk6

kwaawk

lǝwk

karwk

lowk

[Cr]ákɥ

[kr]ákɥ

jiǎo

giu2

kjiaw´

ŋjiaw`

kjiawˀ

ŋjiawʰ

[xwj]àwă

[ăxwj]àwʃ

jiǎo

kjaw`

kjawˇ

gaau2

kjaaw

kjaaw`

kjaaw´

karw

karwʰ

karwˀ

jiǎo

jiào

gaau2

gaau2

jiǎo

giu2

kjiaw´

kjiawˀ

jiǎo

tsiaw´

tsiawˀ

[kwj]àwă

jiào

caa4

giu6

kiu4

kɦiaw

giaw

jiào

giu3

kjiaw`

kɛwʰ

jiào

tiu4

ziu3

tsiaw`

tsiawʰ

jiào

kɦyaăk

guaăk

jiào

zyu3

kyă`

kuăʰ

jiào

giu3

kjiaw`

kɛwʰ

[xwj]ə́wʃ

jiào

kiăw`

giu3

jiào

giu3

kjiaw`

kɛwʰ

[xwj]ə́wʃ

jiào

giu3

kjiaw`

kɛwʰ

[ɣwj]áwʃ

jiào

kiăw`

giu6

kiu4

kɦiaw`

giawʰ

[]àw

jiào

ngaau1

[‑w]aw

jiào

gaau3

gau3

gok3

kwaawk

karwk

jiào

tsiaw`

tsiawʰ

[kwj]àwʃ

jiào

ziu3

zok6

zuk1

tʂɦwaawk

dʐarwk

[ăkwrj]ákw

jiào

zoek6

tsiaw`

tsiaăk

tsɦiaăk

dzɨaăk

tsiawʰ

tsɨaăk

[kwj]àkw

[kwj]àkwʃ

[ăkwj]àkw

jiào

kjaw`

gaau3

kjaaw`

karwʰ

jiào

ziu3

zoek3

zoek6

tsiaw`

tsɦiaăk

dzɨaăk

tsiawʰ

jiào

liw`

gaau3

laaw

liw`

p‘aaw`

larw

luwʰ

p‘arwʰ

[]ə́wă

[]ə́wă

[ŋɥɥ]ə̀wʃ

jiào

kjaw`

gaau3

kjaaw`

karwʰ

[kwr]ə́kwʃ

jiào

kjaw`

kjawˇ

gaau3

gok3

kjaaw`

kwaawk

karwk

karwʰ

[kwr]ə́kw

[kwr]ə́kwʃ

jiào

kjiaw`

kɛwʰ

[xwj]ə́wʃ

jiào

giu2

giu3

kjiaw`

kɛwʰ

jiào

ziu1

ziu3

jiaw`

tsiaw`

tsɦiaw`

dziawʰ

jiawʰ

tsiawʰ

jiào

kjaw`

gaau3

kjaaw`

kwaawk

karwk

karwʰ

[kwr]ákw

[kwr]áwʃ

jiào

kiăw`

giu2

giu6

kɦiaw

kɦiaw`

giaw

giawʰ

jiào

kjaw`

gaau3

haau1

haau3

kjaaw`

karwʰ

jiào

tsiăw`

ziu3

tsiaw`

tsiawʰ

[kwj]àwʃ

jiào

laam´

tʂ‘aam´

lɛrmˀ

tʂ‘armˀ

jiào

ziu3

tsiaw`

tsiawʰ

[kwj]àkwʃ

Mandarin

Cantonese

MCK

OCK

jiāo

gaau1

kau1

kŏg1

jiāo

jiǎo

gaau2

gaau2

kau1

kau2

ɣau2

kau1

kau2

ɣau2

g‘ŏg2

kŏg1

kŏg2

g‘ŏg2

kŏg1

kŏg2

jiāo

jiào

ziu1

ziu1

dz‘i̯wäu1

tsi̯wäu1

tsi̯wäu3

dz‘i̯wäu1

tsi̯wäu1

tsi̯wäu3

dz‘i̯og1

tsi̯og1

tsi̯og3

dz‘i̯og1

tsi̯og1

tsi̯og3

jiāo

ngaau5

kau1

ˑau1

kŏg1

ˑŏg1

jiāo

haau1

kau1

χau1

kọg1

χọg1

jiāo

jiào

ziu6

ziu6

dz‘i̯wäu3

tsi̯wäu1

dz‘i̯wäu3

tsi̯wäu1

dz‘i̯og3

tsi̯og1

dz‘i̯og3

tsi̯og1

jiāo

jiǎo

gaau2

haau4

gaau2

haau4

kau2

ɣau1

kau2

ɣau1

g‘ŏg1

kŏg2

g‘ŏg1

kŏg2

jiāo

giu1

g‘i̯wäu1

ki̯wäu1

ki̯wäu2

jiāo

jiāo

ciu4

ziu1

dz‘i̯wäu1

jiāo

jiǎo

jiào

giu2

giu3

jiu1

giu2

giu3

jiu1

giu2

giu3

jiu1

kieu1

kieu3

kieu1

kieu3

kieu1

kieu3

kiog1

kiog3

kiog1

kiog3

kiog1

kiog3

jiāo

giu1

ki̯wäu1

k‘i̯wäu1

ki̯og1

k‘i̯og1

jiāo

jiǎo

kieu1

kieu1

jiāo

jiào

gaau3

gaau3

-og1??

-og1??

jiāo

jiào

gaau1

gaau3

gaau1

gaau3

kau1

kau3

kau1

kau3

kŏg1

kŏg3

kŏg1

kŏg3

jiāo

ziu1

tsi̯wäu1

tsôk1!!

jiāo

giu1

hiu1

kieu1

ngieu3

kiog1

ngiog3

jiāo

jiào

gik1

gik1

kiek

kieu3

kiek

kieu3

kiog3

kiok1

kiog3

kiok1

jiāo

ziu1

tsi̯wäu1

tsi̯og1

jiāo

jiāo

ciu4

ziu1

tsi̯ak

tsi̯wäu1

tsi̯og1

tsi̯ok1

jiāo

jiǎo

giu2

kiu2

giu2

kiu2

ki̯wäu2

ki̯wäu2

ki̯og2

ki̯og2

jiāo

ziu1

jiāo

ki̯wäu1

jiāo

ki̯wäu1

jiāo

jiǎo

gaau1

gaau1

ɣau1

ɣau1

jiāo

jiǎo

gaau1

gaau1

kau1

kau3

k‘au1

kau1

kau3

k‘au1

kọg1

kọg3

k‘ọg1

kọg1

kọg3

k‘ọg1

jiāo

ziu1

tsi̯wäu1

jiāo

kau4

g‘iḙu1

g‘wi1

g‘i̯wǝg1

g‘i̯ŭg1

jiāo

kau1

jiāo

gaau1

kau1

kŏg1

jiāo

tsi̯wäu1

jiāo

suk6

śiuk

si̯ôk1

jiāo

ziu1

tsi̯wäu1

tsi̯og1

jiāo

kiu4

g‘i̯wäu1

ki̯wäu1

jiāo

gaau1

kau1

kŏg1

jiāo

kieu1

jiāo

ziu1

tsi̯wäu1

jiāo

kau1

ɣau3

χau3

jiāo

gaau1

k‘au1

jiāo

gaau1

kau1

jiāo

gaau1

kau1

kŏg1

jiāo

ziu1

dz‘i̯wäu1

tsi̯wäu1

jiāo

giu1

ki̯wäu1

ki̯og1

jiāo

jiǎo

gaau1

gaau1

kau1

kau1

kŏg1

kŏg1

jiāo

gaau1

kau1

jiāo

ziu1

tsi̯wäu1

tsi̯og1

jiāo

giu1

kiu1

g‘i̯wäu1

ki̯wäu1

g‘i̯og1

ki̯og1

jiāo

ngaau5

ngau2

jiáo

jiào

ziu6

zoek3

zoek6

ziu6

zoek3

zoek6

dz‘i̯ak

dz‘i̯ak

jiǎo

niu1

ziu2

tsieu2

jiǎo

laau4

laau5

liḙu1

jiǎo

gaau2

kau2

kiḙu1

ki̯ĕu1

jiǎo

caau4

gau2

naau2

χiḙu2

jiǎo

gau2

kieu2

jiǎo

gau2

gei3

gei6

hau6

kau2

ɣau2

jiǎo

gaau1

gau2

kieu2

jiǎo

jiào

faan4

hiu1

kiu4

ziu4

faan4

hiu1

kiu4

ziu4

ki̯wäu2

ki̯wäu2

jiǎo

ziu2

ziu4

i̯wäu1

jiǎo

giu2

jiǎo

siu1

si̯wäu1

jiǎo

giu1

giu2

hiu1

jiu4

ngieu1

ngiog1

jiǎo

giu1

giu2

hiu1

kieu2

jiǎo

caau1

ziu2

jiǎo

tsieu2

jiǎo

caau1

cau2

ziu1

ziu2

dẓ‘au1

tsi̯wäu2

dẓ‘ŏg1

tsi̯og2

jiǎo

kiem2

ki̯wäu2

kǝk

jiǎo

caau3

ziu6

lieu1

tṣau1

jiǎo

giu2

giu6

ki̯wäu1

ki̯wäu2

ki̯og1

ki̯og2

jiǎo

gaau2

kau2

kọg2

jiǎo

jiào

i̯ak

kiek

i̯ak

kiek

kiok1

zi̯ok1

kiok1

zi̯ok1

jiǎo

ki̯wäu2

jiǎo

giu2

-og1??

jiǎo

haau6

ɣau3

g‘ọg3

jiǎo

kieu2

kiog2

jiǎo

jiào

gaau3

haau6

gaau3

haau6

kau3

ɣau3

kau3

ɣau3

g‘ŏg3

kŏg3

g‘ŏg3

kŏg3

jiǎo

caau4

ziu2

dẓ‘au1

jiǎo

zau1

ziu2

dz‘iḙu1

dz‘iḙu2

tsieu2

ts‘iḙu1

dz‘i̯ôg1

dz‘i̯ôg2

tsiôg2

ts‘i̯ôg1

jiǎo

caau4

tsi̯wäu2

jiǎo

kau2

kâu3

kog3

kŏg2

jiǎo

cau1

ciu2

jiǎo

gaau2

kau2

kŏg2

jiǎo

kieu2

jiǎo

gaau2

kieu2

kiog2

jiǎo

kiu5

miu5

p‘ak

ɣieu2

jiǎo

giu2

kieu2

kiog2

jiǎo

gaau2

kau2

ɣau1

jiǎo

gau2

-ôg1??

jiǎo

jiào

gaau2

gaau2

kau2

kau2

kŏg2

kŏg2

jiǎo

jiào

giu2

zoek3

giu2

zoek3

kieu2

tśi̯ak

ɣɛk

kieu2

tśi̯ak

ɣɛk

g‘-4!!

k-2!!

tˆ-4!!

g‘-4!!

k-2!!

tˆ-4!!

jiǎo

goek3

ki̯ak

ki̯ak1

jiǎo

goek3

ki̯ak

ki̯ak1

jiǎo

giu2

g‘i̯wäu1

ki̯wäu2

jiǎo

gok3

luk6

kåk

luk

kŭk1

luk1

jiǎo

giu2

ki̯wäu2

ngi̯wäu3

ki̯og2

ngi̯og3

jiǎo

gaau2

kau1

kau2

kau3

jiǎo

jiào

gaau2

gaau2

jiǎo

giu2

ki̯wäu2

jiǎo

tsi̯wäu2

tsi̯og2

jiào

caa4

giu6

kiu4

g‘i̯wäu1

jiào

giu3

kieu3

jiào

tiu4

ziu3

tsi̯wäu3

jiào

g‘i̯wak

jiào

zyu3

ki̯u3

jiào

giu3

kieu3

kiôg3

jiào

giu3

jiào

giu3

kieu3

kiôg3

jiào

giu3

kieu3

kiog3

jiào

giu6

kiu4

g‘i̯wäu3

g‘i̯og3

jiào

ngaau1

-og1??

jiào

gaau3

gau3

gok3

kåk

jiào

tsi̯wäu3

tsi̯og3

jiào

ziu3

zok6

zuk1

dẓ‘åk

dẓ‘ŏk1

jiào

zoek6

dz‘i̯ak

tsi̯ak

tsi̯wäu3

dz‘i̯ok1

tsi̯og3

tsi̯ok1

jiào

gaau3

kau3

jiào

ziu3

zoek3

zoek6

dz‘i̯ak

tsi̯wäu3

jiào

gaau3

lau1

liḙu3

p‘au3

li̯ôg3

lọg1

p‘ọg3

jiào

gaau3

kau3

kọg3

jiào

gaau3

gok3

kau3

kåk

kọg3

kọk1

jiào

kieu3

kiôg3

jiào

giu2

giu3

kieu3

jiào

ziu1

ziu3

dz‘i̯wäu3

i̯wäu3

tsi̯wäu3

jiào

gaau3

kau3

kåk

kŏg3

kŏk1

jiào

giu2

giu6

g‘i̯wäu1

g‘i̯wäu3

jiào

gaau3

haau1

haau3

kau3

jiào

ziu3

tsi̯wäu3

tsi̯og3

jiào

lăm2

tṣ‘am2

jiào

ziu3

tsi̯wäu3

tsi̯og3