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Cantonese Toneless

Cantonese All Tones

Baxter Pulleyblank Karlgren

Mandarin

Cantonese

MCB

OCB

cim1

chàn

zhàn

cim1

tshyemH

cim1

[]am

cim1

xem

rán

shǎn

cim1

nyem

tshyem

lián

cim1

cim1

xjæm

xiàn

cim1

semH

cim1

semH

cim1

sjem

cim1

xem

qiān

cim1

tshjem

[srj]em

xiān

cim1

ngjemX

qiān

xiān

cim1

sjem

[sj]em

chàn

chān

cim1

tshyem

tshyemH

[th(r)j]em

[th(r)j]ems

xiān

cim1

sjem

tshjem

tshjemX

xjemX

[(r)j]emʔ

[j]em

[srj]em

[srj]emʔ

sān

xiān

cim1

srɛm

[srj]em

xiān

xiān

cim1

cim3

sjem

sjem

jiān

cim1

srɛm

jiān

cim1

tsjem

[j]em

jiān

cim1

tsjem

[j]em

qiān

cim1

qiān

cim1

tshjem

qīn

xiān

cim1

sjem

tshim

tsim

[ts]ɨm

[tsh]ɨm

[tsh]ɨm

xiān

cim1

jiān

xiān

cim1

sjem

[sj]em

kàn

lián

liǎn

xiān

yán

cim1

ljem

ljemX

shēn

xiān

cim1

sjem

srim

srjem

xiān

cim1

kwat

sjem

themX

[]emʔ

[hlj]em

[l]am

jìn

qiān

qīn

qǐn

cim1

tshimX

tsjem

[tsh]ɨmʔ

[tshr]ɨm

chǎn

cim2

trhjemX

[hlr]ɨmʔ

chǎn

cim2

trhjemX

[hlr]ɨmʔ

cán

cim3

dzam

sræmX

jiàn

zǎn

cim3

tsamX

jiàn

jiàn

cim3

cim5

tsemH

tsemH

[ts]ɨms

[ts]ɨms

qiàn

cim3

tshjemH

[tshj]ems

qiàn

cim3

tshjemH

qiàn

cim3

dzamX

dzjemX

tshjem

tshjemH

xún

cim4

zjem

qián

cim4

dzemH

dzjem

qián

cim4

zjem

zèn

cim4

zǎn

cim4

tsom

tsomH

tsomX

tsrim

qián

cim4

dzjem

dzjemH

[dz]ɨm

[dz]ɨms

qián

cim4

qián

cim4

dzim

dzjem

zim

qián

xún

cim4

dom

dzjem

[]ɨm

[l]ɨm

qián

xián

xún

cim4

zjem

[j]em

qián

xín

cim4

dzim

dzjem

zim

[]ɨm

[dz]ɨm

[dz]ɨm

Mandarin

EM

Cantonese

LMC

EMC

OCP

cim1

chàn

zhàn

cim1

tʂ‘iam`

tɕ‘iamʰ

cim1

[‑]am

cim1

xjiam

xɛm

rán

shǎn

cim1

riam

tʂ‘iam

tɕ‘iam

ɲiam

lián

cim1

cim1

xiam

xɨam

xiàn

cim1

siam`

sɛmʰ

cim1

siam`

sɛmʰ

cim1

siam

siam

cim1

xjiam

xɛm

qiān

ts‘iăm

cim1

ts‘iam

ts‘iam

[s‑sj]àm

xiān

cim1

ŋiam´

ŋiamˀ

qiān

xiān

cim1

siam

siam

[sj]àm

chàn

chān

cim1

tʂ‘iam

tʂ‘iam`

tɕ‘iam

tɕ‘iamʰ

[t‑t(r)]àm

[t‑t(r)]àmʃ

xiān

siăm

cim1

siam

ts‘iam

ts‘iam´

xiam´

siam

ts‘iam

ts‘iamˀ

xiamˀ

[sj]àm

[s‑sj]àm

[s‑sj]àmă

[x(r)]àmă

sān

xiān

cim1

ʂaam

ʂɛrm

[srj]ám

xiān

xiān

siăm

siăm

cim1

cim3

siam

siam

siam

siam

jiān

cim1

ʂaam

ʂɛrm

jiān

tsiăm

cim1

tsiam

tsiam

[]àm

jiān

cim1

tsiam

tsiam

[]àm

qiān

cim1

qiān

cim1

ts‘iam

ts‘iam

qīn

xiān

tsim

cim1

siam

tsim

ts‘im

siam

tsim

ts‘im

[]ə̀m

[kj]ə̀m

[k‑kj]ə̀m

xiān

siăm

cim1

jiān

xiān

cim1

siam

siam

[sj]àm

kàn

lián

liǎn

xiān

yán

cim1

liam

liam´

liam

liamˀ

shēn

xiān

cim1

siam

ʂaam

ʂǝm

*ʂiam

siam

ʂim

xiān

siăm

cim1

kuat

siam

t‘iam´

kwat

siam

t‘ɛmˀ

[*]am

[k‑kj]ámă

[sj]àm

jìn

qiān

qīn

qǐn

cim1

tsiam

ts‘im´

tsiam

ts‘imˀ

[kj]ǝm

[k‑kj]ə̀mă

chǎn

tʂiămˇ

cim2

tr‘iam´

tr‘iamˀ

[t‑tr]ǝmă

chǎn

cim2

tr‘iam´

tr‘iamˀ

[t‑tr]ǝmă

cán

cim3

tsɦam

ʂaam´

dzam

ʂarmˀ

jiàn

zǎn

cim3

tsam´

tsamˀ

jiàn

jiàn

tsiăm`

tsiăm`

cim3

cim5

tsiam`

tsiam`

tsɛmʰ

tsɛmʰ

[kj]ə́mʃ

[kj]ə́mʃ

qiàn

ts‘iăm`

cim3

ts‘iam`

ts‘iamʰ

[k‑kj]àmʃ

qiàn

cim3

ts‘iam`

ts‘iamʰ

qiàn

ts‘iăm

cim3

tsɦam´

tsɦiam´

ts‘iam

ts‘iam`

dzamˀ

dziamˀ

ts‘iam

ts‘iamʰ

xún

cim4

sɦiam

ziam

qián

cim4

tsɦiam

tsɦiam`

dziam

dzɛmʰ

qián

cim4

sɦiam

ziam

zèn

cim4

zǎn

cim4

tsam

tsam`

tsam´

tʂǝm

tsǝm

tsǝmʰ

tsǝmˀ

tʂim

qián

cim4

tsɦiam

tsɦiam`

dziam

dziamʰ

[ăkj]ǝm

[ăkj]ǝmʃ

qián

cim4

qián

ts‘iăm´

cim4

sɦim

tsɦiam

tsɦim

dziam

dzim

zim

qián

xún

cim4

tsɦiam

tɦam

dziam

dǝm

[ăkj]ǝm

[ăxj]ə́m

qián

xián

xún

cim4

sɦiam

ziam

[ăsj]àm

qián

xín

sim´

cim4

sɦim

tsɦiam

tsɦim

dziam

dzim

zim

[ăkj]ǝm

[ăkj]ə̀m

[ăsj]ə̀m

Mandarin

Cantonese

MCK

OCK

cim1

chàn

zhàn

cim1

tś‘i̯äm3

cim1

-âm1??

cim1

χiem1

rán

shǎn

cim1

tś‘i̯äm1

ńźi̯äm1

lián

cim1

cim1

χi̯ɒm1

xiàn

cim1

siem3

cim1

siem3

cim1

si̯äm1

cim1

χiem1

qiān

cim1

ts‘i̯äm1

ts‘i̯am1

xiān

cim1

ngi̯äm2

qiān

xiān

cim1

si̯äm1

si̯am1

chàn

chān

cim1

tś‘i̯äm1

tś‘i̯äm3

tˆ‘i̯am1

tˆ‘i̯am3

xiān

cim1

si̯äm1

ts‘i̯äm1

ts‘i̯äm2

χi̯äm2

si̯am1

ts‘i̯am1

ts‘i̯am2

χi̯am2

sān

xiān

cim1

ṣăm1

ṣăm1

xiān

xiān

cim1

cim3

si̯äm1

si̯äm1

jiān

cim1

ṣăm1

jiān

cim1

tsi̯äm1

tsi̯am1

jiān

cim1

tsi̯äm1

tsi̯am1

qiān

cim1

qiān

cim1

ts‘i̯äm1

qīn

xiān

cim1

si̯äm1

tsi̯ǝm1

ts‘i̯ǝm1

sǝm1!!

tsi̯ǝm1

ts‘i̯ǝm1

xiān

cim1

jiān

xiān

cim1

si̯äm1

si̯am1

kàn

lián

liǎn

xiān

yán

cim1

li̯äm1

li̯äm2

shēn

xiān

cim1

si̯äm1

ṣi̯äm1

ṣi̯ǝm1

xiān

cim1

kuât

si̯äm1

t‘iem2

kâm4!!

si̯am1

t‘iam2

jìn

qiān

qīn

qǐn

cim1

tsi̯äm1

ts‘i̯ǝm2

tsǝm1!!

ts‘i̯ǝm2

chǎn

cim2

tˆ‘i̯äm2

t‘ǝm2!!

chǎn

cim2

tˆ‘i̯äm2

t‘ǝm2!!

cán

cim3

dz‘âm1

ṣam2

jiàn

zǎn

cim3

tsâm2

jiàn

jiàn

cim3

cim5

tsiem3

tsiem3

tsiem3

tsiem3

qiàn

cim3

ts‘i̯äm3

ts‘i̯am3

qiàn

cim3

ts‘i̯äm3

qiàn

cim3

dz‘i̯äm2

dz‘âm2

ts‘i̯äm1

ts‘i̯äm3

xún

cim4

zi̯äm1

qián

cim4

dz‘iem3

dz‘i̯äm1

qián

cim4

zi̯äm1

zèn

cim4

zǎn

cim4

tsậm1

tsậm2

tsậm3

tṣi̯ǝm1

qián

cim4

dz‘i̯äm1

dz‘i̯äm3

dz‘ǝm1!!

dz‘ǝm3!!

qián

cim4

qián

cim4

dz‘i̯äm1

dz‘i̯ǝm1

zi̯ǝm1

qián

xún

cim4

dz‘i̯äm1

d‘ậm1

dz‘ǝm1!!

d‘ǝm1

qián

xián

xún

cim4

zi̯äm1

zi̯am1

qián

xín

cim4

dz‘i̯äm1

dz‘i̯ǝm1

zi̯ǝm1

dz‘i̯ǝm1

dz‘ǝm1!!

zi̯ǝm1