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Mandarin Toneless

Mandarin All Tones

Baxter Pulleyblank Karlgren

Mandarin

Cantonese

MCB

OCB

chān

chàn

cim1

zim1

cim1

zim1

tshyem

tshyemH

tshyem

tshyemH

[th(r)j]em

[th(r)j]ems

[th(r)j]em

[th(r)j]ems

chān

zim1

chān

caam1

caam4

chān

caam1

caam4

saam1

srɛm

ɛmX

[r]ɨm

[srj]ɨmʔ

chān

caam1

caam4

dzrɛm

tsrhæm

chān

cin1

trhjen

[hlrj]en

chān

zim1

temH

them

trjem

[t]ems

[th]em

[trj]em

chān

syen

trhjen

chān

sim1

sim3

syem

syemH

[st(r)j]em

[st(r)j]ems

chān

sim4

thamX

tshyem

tshyemH

[th(r)j]em

[th(r)j]ems

[th]amʔ

chān

lim5

sim4

zim1

tshyem

tshyemH

[th(r)j]em

[th(r)j]ems

chān

lim6

chān

zim1

trhjem

trhjemH

[thrj]em

[thrj]ems

chān

kim4

zyun3

gjem

thep

chán

caam5

dzomX

chán

cin4

drjen

chán

cam4

dam

drjem

chán

caam4

dzrɛm

chán

dan1

dzrjen

dzrɛn

chán

caam4

dzam

dzræmH

chán

caan4

saan4

dzrɛn

tsrjwenH

[dzr]en

[dzwrj]ens

chán

cin4

sin4

taan2

dan

dzyen

[d(r)j]an

[d]an

chán

caam4

caam5

dzræm

chán

daan1

sin4

sin6

dzyen

dzyenH

dzyenX

tan

[(r)j]anʔ

[d(r)j]an

[d]an

[t(r)j]ans

chán

caam4

dzjemX

dzræm

tsrhæmH

chán

sim4

sin4

dzyen

[d(r)j]an

chán

caan3

saan4

dzrjen

dzrɛn

dzrɛnX

[dzr]en

[dzr]enʔ

[tsrj]en]

chán

caam4

dzræm

dzræmX

chán

cin4

drjen

[lrj]an

chán

daan6

sin6

dan

danH

dzyen

chán

dzyem

chán

caam4

dzræmH

dzrɛm

[dzr]em

[dzr]ems

chán

caam4

dzræm

dzrɛm

[dzr]em

[dzr]em

chán

zim1

zim6

dzjemX

tsjem

[dzj]emʔ

[tsj]em

chán

saan4

dzrjen

dzrɛn

[dzr]en

[dzrj]en]

chán

sin4

danH

dzyen

[d(r)j]an

[d]ans

chán

cin4

drjen

chán

caam4

dzrɛmX

chán

caam4

dzræm

dzrɛm

chán

caam4

chán

sim3

sim4

sin4

sin6

dzyen

dzyenH

[t(r)j]an

[t(r)j]ans

chán

drjen

chán

daan3

danX

chán

cin4

zin6

drjen

drjenH

[lrj]an

[lrj]ans

chán

chán

dzræm

dzræmH

chán

zim6

dzjem

dzjemX

chán

sim4

sin4

dzyen

[t(r)j]an

chán

sin5

sin6

dzyenX

[d(r)j]anʔ

chán

sim4

dzyem

tsyem

chán

caam4

dzræmH

dzrɛm

[dzr]em

[dzr]ems

chán

cin4

drjen

[lrj]an

chán

drjen

chán

dzrɛm

chán

jin4

sin4

dzyen

jen

chán

caam4

dzræm

dzræmH

[dzr]em

[dzr]ems

chán

caam4

dzrɛm

chǎn

cin2

trhjen

trhjenX

chǎn

can2

zan3

srɛnX

tsrhwɛnX

tsrhɛnX

chǎn

caan2

chǎn

caan2

srɛnX

chǎn

caan2

tsrhænX

chǎn

can2

san3

zin1

tsrhɛnX

chǎn

tshjem

tsrhɛmX

chǎn

tshjemX

tsrhɛmX

chǎn

chǎn

trhjenX

trhjengX

chǎn

chàn

can2

can2

tsrhwænH

tsrhwænH

chǎn

chàn

zin2

zin2

tshyenX

tshyenX

chǎn

caan2

tsrhɛnX

chǎn

caan2

tsrhɛnX

[r]enʔ

chǎn

caan2

chǎn

cin2

taan1

zin2

than

tshyenX

[dj]an

[t(r)j]anʔ

chǎn

cin2

chǎn

srɛnX

chǎn

cin2

tshyenX

[d(r)j]anʔ

chǎn

srɛnX

chǎn

trhɛmX

chǎn

caan2

srɛnX

chǎn

zin2

tshyenX

chǎn

cin2

daan6

zin2

tshyen

tshyenX

tsyenX

[d(r)j]an

[d(r)j]anʔ

[t(r)j]anʔ

chǎn

caan2

srɛnX

[srj]enʔ

chǎn

chǎn

srɛnX

chǎn

zin2

dan

tshyenX

[d(r)j]anʔ

[dj]an

chǎn

cin2

zin2

trhjenX

[hlrj]anʔ

chǎn

cim2

trhjemX

[hlr]ɨmʔ

chǎn

cim2

trhjemX

[hlr]ɨmʔ

chǎn

caan2

tsrhwænH

tsrhɛnX

chǎn

cin2

zin2

tshyenX

[d(r)j]anʔ

chàn

cim1

tshyemH

chàn

maa6

trhænH

chàn

zim1

tem

temH

trhjemH

chàn

zim1

tshyemH

chàn

sim4

zim4

tshyem

tshyemH

chàn

bou6

buwX

chàn

caam3

dzrɛm

dzrɛmH

tsrhæmH

[dzr]ems

[dzr]ems

[tshr]em

chàn

chàn

caam3

tsrhæmH

chàn

sin3

sjen

tshyenH

chàn

caan3

can3

tsrhwænH

tsrhɛnX

chàn

caam3

cam3

tsrhimH

chàn

tshyemH

chàn

zin3

tsyenH

[t(r)j]ans

chàn

tsrhæmH

Mandarin

EM

Cantonese

LMC

EMC

OCP

chān

chàn

cim1

zim1

cim1

zim1

tʂ‘iam

tʂ‘iam`

tʂ‘iam

tʂ‘iam`

tɕ‘iam

tɕ‘iamʰ

tɕ‘iam

tɕ‘iamʰ

[t‑t(r)]àm

[t‑t(r)]àmʃ

[t‑t(r)]àm

[t‑t(r)]àmʃ

chān

zim1

chān

caam1

caam4

chān

caam1

caam4

saam1

ʂaam

ʔjaam´

ʂɛrm

ʔɛrmˀ

[sr]ə́m

[ʔr]ə́mă

chān

tʂ‘am

caam1

caam4

tʂɦaam

tʂ‘aam

dʐɛrm

tʂ‘arm

chān

cin1

tr‘ian

tr‘ian

[t‑tr]àn

chān

tʂiăm

zim1

tiam`

triam

t‘iam

triam

tɛmʰ

t‘ɛm

[tj]ámʃ

[tr]àm

[t‑tj]ám

chān

tr‘ian

ʂian

tr‘ian

ɕian

chān

ʂiăm

ʂiăm`

sim1

sim3

ʂiam

ʂiam`

ɕiam

ɕiamʰ

[x(r)j]àm

[x(r)j]àmʃ

chān

tʂ‘iăm

sim4

tʂ‘iam

tʂ‘iam`

t‘am´

tɕ‘iam

tɕ‘iamʰ

t‘amˀ

[t‑t(r)]àm

[t‑t(r)]àmʃ

[t‑t]ámă

chān

lim5

sim4

zim1

tʂ‘iam

tʂ‘iam`

tɕ‘iam

tɕ‘iamʰ

[t‑t(r)]àm

[t‑t(r)]àmʃ

chān

lim6

chān

zim1

tr‘iam

tr‘iam`

tr‘iam

tr‘iamʰ

[t‑tr]àm

[t‑tr]àmʃ

chān

kim4

zyun3

kɦiam

t‘iap

giam

t‘ɛp

chán

caam5

tsɦam´

dzǝmˀ

chán

cin4

trɦian

drian

chán

cam4

trɦiam

tɦam

dam

driam

chán

caam4

tʂɦaam

dʐɛrm

chán

dan1

tʂɦaan

tʂɦaan

*dʐian

dʐɛrn

chán

caam4

tsɦam

tʂɦaam`

dzam

dʐarmʰ

chán

caan4

saan4

tʂwaan`

tʂɦaan

dʐɛrn

tʂwianʰ

[kwrj]ànʃ

[ăkrj]án

chán

cin4

sin4

taan2

tɦan

ʂɦian

dan

dʑian

[ăt]àn

[ăt]án

chán

tʂ‘am´

caam4

caam5

tʂɦaam

dʐarm

chán

tan

ʂiăn`

daan1

sin4

sin6

tan

ʂɦian

ʂɦian`

ʂɦian´

dʑian

dʑianʰ

dʑianˀ

tan

[t]án

[ăt]àn

[ăt]ànă

[ăt]ànʃ

chán

caam4

tsɦiam´

tʂɦaam

tʂ‘aam`

dziamˀ

dʐarm

tʂ‘armʰ

chán

sim4

sin4

ʂɦian

dʑian

[ăt]àn

chán

caan3

saan4

tʂɦaan

tʂɦaan

tʂɦaan´

*dʐian

dʐɛrn

dʐɛrnˀ

[ăkrj]àn]

[ăkrj]án

[ăkrj]ánă

chán

tʂ‘am´

caam4

tʂɦaam

tʂɦaam´

dʐarm

dʐarmˀ

chán

tʂ‘iăn´

cin4

trɦian

drian

[ătr]àn

chán

daan6

sin6

tɦan

tɦan`

ʂɦian

dan

danʰ

dʑian

chán

ʂɦiam

dʑiam

chán

caam4

tʂɦaam

tʂɦaam`

dʐarmʰ

dʐɛrm

[ăkrj]ám

[ăkrj]ámʃ

chán

tʂ‘am´

caam4

tʂɦaam

tʂɦaam

dʐarm

dʐɛrm

[ăkrj]ám

[ăkrj]ám

chán

tsiăm

tsiăm`

zim1

zim6

tsiam

tsɦiam´

dziamˀ

tsiam

[kj]àm

[ăkj]àmă

chán

tʂ‘an´

saan4

tʂɦaan

tʂɦaan

*dʐian

dʐɛrn

[ăkrj]àn]

[ăkrj]án

chán

sin4

tɦan`

ʂɦian

danʰ

dʑian

[ăt]àn

[ăt]ánʃ

chán

cin4

trɦian

drian

chán

caam4

tʂɦaam´

dʐɛrmˀ

chán

caam4

tʂɦaam

tʂɦaam

dʐarm

dʐɛrm

chán

caam4

chán

tʂ‘iăn´

ʂiăn`

sim3

sim4

sin4

sin6

ʂɦian

ʂɦian`

dʑian

dʑianʰ

[ăt]àn

[ăt]ànʃ

chán

trɦian

drian

chán

daan3

tɦan´

danˀ

chán

tʂ‘iăn´

cin4

zin6

trɦian

trɦian`

drian

drianʰ

[ătr]àn

[ătr]ànʃ

chán

tʂiăn`

chán

tʂɦaam

tʂɦaam`

dʐarm

dʐarmʰ

chán

zim6

tsɦiam

tsɦiam´

dziam

dziamˀ

chán

tʂ‘iăn´

sim4

sin4

ʂɦian

dʑian

[ăt]àn

chán

sin5

sin6

ʂɦian´

dʑianˀ

[ăt]ànă

chán

tʂiăm´

sim4

tʂiam

ʂɦiam

dʑiam

tɕiam

chán

tʂ‘am´

caam4

tʂɦaam

tʂɦaam`

dʐarmʰ

dʐɛrm

[ăkrj]ám

[ăkrj]ámʃ

chán

tʂ‘iăn´

cin4

trɦian

drian

[ătr]àn

chán

trɦian

drian

chán

tʂɦaam

dʐɛrm

chán

iăn´

jin4

sin4

jian

ʂɦian

dʑian

jian

chán

tʂ‘am´

caam4

tʂɦaam

tʂɦaam`

dʐarm

dʐarmʰ

[ăkrj]ám

[ăkrj]ámʃ

chán

tʂ‘am´

caam4

tʂɦaam

dʐɛrm

chǎn

cin2

tr‘ian

tr‘ian´

tr‘ian

tr‘ianˀ

chǎn

can2

zan3

tʂ‘aan´

tʂ‘waan´

ʂaan´

tʂ‘wɛrnˀ

tʂ‘ɛrnˀ

ʂɛrnˀ

chǎn

caan2

chǎn

caan2

ʂaan´

ʂɛrnˀ

chǎn

caan2

tʂ‘aan´

tʂ‘arnˀ

chǎn

can2

san3

zin1

tʂ‘aan´

tʂ‘ɛrnˀ

chǎn

ts‘iam

tʂ‘aam´

ts‘iam

tʂ‘ɛrmˀ

chǎn

ts‘iam´

tʂ‘aam´

ts‘iamˀ

tʂ‘ɛrmˀ

chǎn

chǎn

tr‘iajŋ´

tr‘ian´

tr‘iajŋˀ

tr‘ianˀ

chǎn

chàn

can2

can2

tʂ‘waan´

tʂ‘waan´

tʂ‘warnʰ

tʂ‘warnʰ

chǎn

chàn

zin2

zin2

tʂ‘ian´

tʂ‘ian´

tɕ‘ianˀ

tɕ‘ianˀ

chǎn

caan2

tʂ‘aan´

tʂ‘ɛrnˀ

chǎn

tʂ‘anˇ

caan2

tʂ‘aan´

tʂ‘ɛrnˀ

[k‑krj]ánă

chǎn

caan2

chǎn

tan`

cin2

taan1

zin2

tʂ‘ian´

t‘an

tɕ‘ianˀ

t‘an

[t‑t]ànă

[t‑t]án

chǎn

cin2

chǎn

ʂaan´

ʂɛrnˀ

chǎn

cin2

tʂ‘ian´

tɕ‘ianˀ

[t‑t]ànă

chǎn

ʂaan´

ʂɛrnˀ

chǎn

tr‘aam´

tr‘ɛrmˀ

chǎn

caan2

ʂaan´

ʂɛrnˀ

chǎn

zin2

tʂ‘ian´

tɕ‘ianˀ

chǎn

cin2

daan6

zin2

tʂian´

tʂ‘ian

tʂ‘ian´

tɕianˀ

tɕ‘ian

tɕ‘ianˀ

[t]ànă

[t‑t]àn

[t‑t]ànă

chǎn

tʂ‘anˇ

caan2

ʂaan´

ʂɛrnˀ

[srj]ánă

chǎn

chǎn

ʂaan´

ʂɛrnˀ

chǎn

zin2

tɦan

tʂ‘ian´

dan

tɕ‘ianˀ

[t‑t]ànă

[ăt]án

chǎn

tʂ‘iănˇ

cin2

zin2

tr‘ian´

tr‘ianˀ

[t‑tr]ànă

chǎn

tʂiămˇ

cim2

tr‘iam´

tr‘iamˀ

[t‑tr]ǝmă

chǎn

cim2

tr‘iam´

tr‘iamˀ

[t‑tr]ǝmă

chǎn

tʂ‘anˇ

caan2

tʂ‘aan´

tʂ‘waan´

tʂ‘warnʰ

tʂ‘ɛrnˀ

chǎn

tʂ‘iănˇ

cin2

zin2

tʂ‘ian´

tɕ‘ianˀ

[t‑t]ànă

chàn

cim1

tʂ‘iam`

tɕ‘iamʰ

chàn

maa6

tr‘aan`

tr‘arnʰ

chàn

zim1

tiam

tiam`

tr‘iam`

tr‘iamʰ

tɛm

tɛmʰ

chàn

zim1

tʂ‘iam`

tɕ‘iamʰ

chàn

tʂ‘iăm

sim4

zim4

tʂ‘iam

tʂ‘iam`

tɕ‘iam

tɕ‘iamʰ

chàn

bou6

pɦǝw´

bowˀ

chàn

caam3

tʂɦaam

tʂɦaam`

tʂ‘aam`

dʐɛrm

dʐɛrmʰ

tʂ‘armʰ

[k‑krj]ámʃ

[ăkrj]ám

[ăkrj]ámʃ

chàn

chàn

tʂ‘am`

caam3

tʂ‘aam`

tʂ‘armʰ

chàn

sin3

sian

tʂ‘ian`

sian

tɕ‘ianʰ

chàn

caan3

can3

tʂ‘aan´

tʂ‘waan´

tʂ‘warnʰ

tʂ‘ɛrnˀ

chàn

tʂ‘ǝm`

caam3

cam3

tʂ‘ǝm`

tʂ‘imʰ

chàn

tʂ‘iam`

tɕ‘iamʰ

chàn

tʂiăn`

zin3

tʂian`

tɕianʰ

[t]ànʃ

chàn

tʂ‘aam`

tʂ‘armʰ

Mandarin

Cantonese

MCK

OCK

chān

chàn

cim1

zim1

cim1

zim1

tś‘i̯äm1

tś‘i̯äm3

tś‘i̯äm1

tś‘i̯äm3

tˆ‘i̯am1

tˆ‘i̯am3

tˆ‘i̯am1

tˆ‘i̯am3

chān

zim1

chān

caam1

caam4

chān

caam1

caam4

saam1

ṣăm1

ˑăm2

ṣɛm1

ˑɛm2

chān

caam1

caam4

dẓ‘ăm1

tṣ‘am1

chān

cin1

tˆ‘i̯än1

t‘i̯an1

chān

zim1

tiem3

tˆi̯äm1

t‘iem1

tiam3

ti̯am1

t‘iam1

chān

tˆ‘i̯än1

śi̯än1

chān

sim1

sim3

śi̯äm1

śi̯äm3

si̯am1

si̯am3

chān

sim4

tś‘i̯äm1

tś‘i̯äm3

t‘âm2

tˆ‘i̯am1

tˆ‘i̯am3

t‘âm2

chān

lim5

sim4

zim1

tś‘i̯äm1

tś‘i̯äm3

tˆ‘i̯am1

tˆ‘i̯am3

chān

lim6

chān

zim1

tˆ‘i̯äm1

tˆ‘i̯äm3

t‘i̯am1

t‘i̯am3

chān

kim4

zyun3

g‘i̯äm1

t‘iep

chán

caam5

dz‘ậm2

chán

cin4

dˆ‘i̯än1

chán

cam4

dˆ‘i̯äm1

d‘âm1

chán

caam4

dẓ‘ăm1

chán

dan1

dẓ‘i̯än1

dẓ‘ăn1

chán

caam4

dẓ‘am3

dz‘âm1

chán

caan4

saan4

dẓ‘ăn1

tṣi̯wän3

dẓ‘ăn1

tṣ-3

chán

cin4

sin4

taan2

d‘ân1

źi̯än1

dˆ‘i̯an1

d‘ân1

chán

caam4

caam5

dẓ‘am1

chán

daan1

sin4

sin6

tân1

źi̯än1

źi̯än2

źi̯än3

dˆ‘i̯an1

dˆ‘i̯an2

dˆ‘i̯an3

tân1

chán

caam4

dẓ‘am1

dz‘i̯äm2

tṣ‘am3

chán

sim4

sin4

źi̯än1

dˆ‘i̯an1

chán

caan3

saan4

dẓ‘i̯än1

dẓ‘ăn1

dẓ‘ăn2

dẓ‘-1

dẓ‘ăn1

dẓ‘ăn2

chán

caam4

dẓ‘am1

dẓ‘am2

chán

cin4

dˆ‘i̯än1

d‘i̯an1

chán

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