Karlgren

Karlgren

Mandarin Cantonese MCB OCB
jian1
gim1
kem
kemH
[g]am
[g]ems
jian1
gim1
kem
[]am
qian4
him3
hip3
khemX
khɛmH
khɛmX
[k]emʔ
[kr]ems
[kr]emʔ
qian1
qian4
zhan4
him1
khem
[kh]em
xian2
jim4
hem
[kh]em
qian4
qie4
him3
hip3
khemX
[]emʔ
jian3
gaan2
kɛmX
lian2
lian2
lim4
ljem
[(r)j]em
𧸖
zhuan4
drɛmH
Mandarin EM Cantonese LMC EMC OCP
jian1
kiăm
gim1
kiam
kjiam`
*kɛm
kɛmʰ
[kj]ámʃ
[kj]ə́m
jian1
gim1
kiam
*kɛm
[kj]ə́m
qian4
k‘iăm`
him3
hip3
k‘jaam`
k‘jaam´
k‘jiam´
k‘ɛmˀ
k‘ɛrmʰ
k‘ɛrmˀ
[k‑kj]ámă
[k‑krj]ámă
[k‑krj]ámʃ
qian1
qian4
zhan4
him1
k‘jiam
k‘ɛm
[k‑kj]ám
xian2
xiăm´
jim4
xɦjiam
ɣɛm
[ăkj]ám
qian4
qie4
him3
hip3
k‘jiam´
k‘ɛmˀ
[k‑kj]ámă
jian3
kjamˇ
gaan2
kjaam´
kɛrmˀ
lian2
lian2
lim4
liam
liam
[Cr]àm
𧸖
zhuan4
trɦaam`
drɛrmʰ
Mandarin Cantonese MCK OCK
jian1
gim1
kiem1
kiem3
kiam3
kiem1
jian1
gim1
kiem1
kiem1
qian4
him3
hip3
k‘iem2
k‘ăm2
k‘ăm3
k‘iam2
k‘ăm2
k‘ăm3
qian1
qian4
zhan4
him1
k‘iem1
k‘iam1
xian2
jim4
ɣiem1
g‘iam1
qian4
qie4
him3
hip3
k‘iem2
k‘iam2
jian3
gaan2
kăm2
lian2
lian2
lim4
li̯äm1
li̯am1
𧸖
zhuan4
dˆ‘ăm3