Karlgren

Karlgren

Mandarin Cantonese MCB OCB
xian2
haam4
hɛm
[r]ɨm
xian2
gaam1
khɛp
kɛp
xian2
haam4
hɛm
[r]ɨm
xian2
haam4
hɛm
[gr]ɨm
han3
haam3
ham6
hɛmX
xamX
zrɛmX
jian1
gaam1
zin1
kɛm
[gr]ɨm
jian3
gaam2
hɛmX
kɛmX
[gr]ɨmʔ
[gr]ɨmʔ
jian3
gaam2
gan3
gam2
komX
[k]ɨmʔ
jian3
zhen1
zam1
tsyim
[k]ɨm
qian2
zhen1
zam1
gjem
gjiem
tsyim
[]ɨm
[kh]ɨm
[kj]ɨm
Mandarin EM Cantonese LMC EMC OCP
xian2
xjam´
haam4
xɦjaam
ɣɛrm
[ăkr]ə́m
xian2
gaam1
kjaap
k‘jaap
kɛrp
k‘ɛrp
xian2
xjam´
haam4
xɦjaam
ɣɛrm
[ăkr]ə́m
xian2
haam4
xɦjaam
ɣɛrm
[ăkr]ə́m
han3
xamˇ
haam3
ham6
xam´
xɦjaam´
xamˀ
ɣɛrmˀ
ʐɛrmˀ
jian1
kjam
gaam1
zin1
kjaam
kɛrm
[kr]ə́m
jian3
kjamˇ
gaam2
kjaam´
xɦjaam´
kɛrmˀ
ɣɛrmˀ
[kr]ə́mă
[ăkr]ə́mă
jian3
gaam2
gan3
kamˇ
gam2
kam´
kǝmˀ
[k]ə́mă
jian3
zhen1
tʂim
zam1
tʂim
tɕim
[k(r)]ə̀m
qian2
zhen1
zam1
kɦiam
kɦjiam
tʂim
giam
gjiam
tɕim
[k(r)]ə̀m
[w]ǝm
[w]ǝm
Mandarin Cantonese MCK OCK
xian2
haam4
ɣăm1
g‘ɛm1
xian2
gaam1
kăp
k‘ăp
xian2
haam4
ɣăm1
g‘ɛm1
xian2
haam4
ɣăm1
g‘ɛm1
han3
haam3
ham6
dẓ‘ăm2
ɣăm2
χâm2
jian1
gaam1
zin1
kăm1
kɛm1
jian3
gaam2
kăm2
ɣăm2
g‘ɛm2
kɛm2
jian3
gaam2
gan3
gam2
kậm2
kǝm2
jian3
zhen1
zam1
tśi̯ǝm1
tˆi̯ǝm1
qian2
zhen1
zam1
g‘i̯äm1
g‘i̯äm1
tśi̯ǝm1
g‘ǝm1!!
g‘ǝm1!!
tˆi̯ǝm1