Karlgren

Karlgren

Mandarin Cantonese MCB OCB
xi1
ya4
aa3
kaa1
xæX
æH
[r]as
[r]aʔ
gu3
jia3
jia4
gaa2
gu2
kuX
kæH
kæX
[k]aʔ
[kr]as
[kr]aʔ
Mandarin EM Cantonese LMC EMC OCP
xi1
ya4
aa3
kaa1
xjaaă´
ʔjaaă`
xarˀ
ʔarʰ
[xr]áɣă
[ʔr]áɣʃ
gu3
jia3
jia4
kjaăˇ
kuˇ
gaa2
gu2
kjaaă`
kjaaă´
kuă´
karʰ
karˀ
kɔˀ
[x]áɣă
[xr]áɣă
[xr]áɣʃ
Mandarin Cantonese MCK OCK
xi1
ya4
aa3
kaa1
ˑa3
χa2
ˑå3
χå2
gu3
jia3
jia4
gaa2
gu2
ka2
ka3
kuo2
ko2
kå2
kå3