Karlgren

Karlgren

Mandarin Cantonese MCB OCB
qian1
cim1
tshjem
[srj]em
qian1
cim1
jian4
gim3
[]am
jian3
lian4
gim2
ljemX
jian3
gim2
kjemX
[(r)j]emʔ
jian3
gaan2
kɛmX
tshjem
jian3
gim6
gjemX
[(r)j]emʔ
yan4
jim6
ngjiemH
[j]ems
jian3
xian3
yan2
him2
xjemX
[(r)j]emʔ
han1
lian3
lian4
lim5
lim6
xam
lian2
lian3
lian4
lim6
ljemH
ljemX
[Crj]ems
[Crj]emʔ
lian3
lim5
lɛmX
tshjem
lian4
lim6
ljemH
lian2
lim4
lian2
ljem
Mandarin EM Cantonese LMC EMC OCP
qian1
ts‘iăm
cim1
ts‘iam
ts‘iam
[s‑sj]àm
qian1
cim1
jian4
gim3
[‑]am
jian3
lian4
kiămˇ
gim2
liam´
liamˀ
jian3
gim2
kiam´
kiamˀ
[x(r)]àmă
jian3
gaan2
kjaam´
ts‘iam
kɛrmˀ
ts‘iam
jian3
kiăm`
gim6
kɦiam´
giamˀ
[]àmă
yan4
iăm`
jim6
ŋjiam`
ŋjiamʰ
[ăxj]àmʃ
jian3
xian3
yan2
xiămˇ
him2
xiam´
xiamˀ
[x(r)]àmă
han1
lian3
lian4
liăm`
liămˇ
lim5
lim6
xam
xam
lian2
lian3
lian4
lim6
liam`
liam´
liamʰ
liamˀ
[Cr]àmă
[Crj]àmʃ
lian3
liămˇ
lim5
laam´
ts‘iam
lɛrmˀ
ts‘iam
lian4
liăm`
lim6
liam`
liamʰ
lian2
lim4
lian2
liăm´
liam
liam
Mandarin Cantonese MCK OCK
qian1
cim1
ts‘i̯äm1
ts‘i̯am1
qian1
cim1
jian4
gim3
-âm1??
jian3
lian4
gim2
li̯äm2
jian3
gim2
ki̯äm2
ki̯am2
jian3
gaan2
kăm2
ts‘i̯äm1
jian3
gim6
g‘i̯äm2
g‘i̯am2
yan4
jim6
ngi̯äm3
ngi̯am3
jian3
xian3
yan2
him2
χi̯äm2
χi̯am2
han1
lian3
lian4
lim5
lim6
χâm1
lian2
lian3
lian4
lim6
li̯äm2
li̯äm3
li̯am2
li̯am3
lian3
lim5
lăm2
ts‘i̯äm1
lian4
lim6
li̯äm3
lian2
lim4
lian2
li̯äm1